{"id":34169,"date":"2021-02-10T15:32:28","date_gmt":"2021-02-10T20:32:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/?p=34169"},"modified":"2022-04-21T13:20:56","modified_gmt":"2022-04-21T17:20:56","slug":"des-femmes-ayant-marque-lhistoire-lulu-knight","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/fr\/research\/des-femmes-ayant-marque-lhistoire-lulu-knight\/","title":{"rendered":"Des femmes ayant marqu\u00e9 l\u2019Histoire : Lulu Knight"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ fullwidth=”on” _builder_version=”3.22″ next_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_fullwidth_post_title author=”off” date_format=”j F Y” categories=”off” comments=”off” featured_image=”off” _builder_version=”3.29.3″ z_index_tablet=”500″ title_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” title_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” title_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” meta_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” meta_text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” meta_text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=”0px” text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=”0px” text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=”1px” \/][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=”1″ _builder_version=”3.22″ prev_background_color=”#000000″][et_pb_row _builder_version=”3.25″ background_size=”initial” background_position=”top_left” background_repeat=”repeat” column_structure=”2_3,1_3″][et_pb_column type=”2_3″ _builder_version=”3.0.47″ custom_padding=”|||” custom_padding__hover=”|||”][et_pb_image src=”https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Lulu-Knight.jpg” _builder_version=”4.6.6″ z_index_tablet=”500″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” \/][et_pb_text _builder_version=”4.6.6″ hover_enabled=”0″ z_index_tablet=”500″ box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_vertical_tablet=”0px” box_shadow_blur_tablet=”40px” box_shadow_spread_tablet=”0px” sticky_enabled=”0″]<\/p>\n

La signature de Lulu Knight appara\u00eet \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de celle de plusieurs membres du Cours Normal de 1943, donn\u00e9 par le Conseil d\u2019Instruction, sur la page de garde de l\u2019exemplaire de Science et Sant\u00e9 avec la Clef des Ecritures<\/em> de Mary Baker Eddy, appartenant \u00e0 leur professeur, John M. Tutt. Les signatures d\u2019autres \u00e9l\u00e8ves figurent sur les pages suivantes (non photographi\u00e9es ici).<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lulu M. Knight (v. 1885-1968) est la premi\u00e8re femme afro-am\u00e9ricaine \u00e0 servir en tant que professeure de Science Chr\u00e9tienne.<\/p>\n

Lula M. Johnson, de son nom de jeune fille, est la fille de Jackson et Laura Johnson. Elle grandit dans l\u2019Etat du Nebraska. Autour de ses 25 ans, elle est d\u00e9j\u00e0 mari\u00e9e, a suivi des \u00e9tudes universitaires pendant trois ans et vit \u00e0 Chicago.<\/p>\n

On lui a \u00e9galement fait d\u00e9couvrir la Science Chr\u00e9tienne. Elle devient membre de L\u2019Eglise M\u00e8re en 1912. Elle indique sur le formulaire de demande d\u2019admission qu\u2019elle est une ancienne m\u00e9thodiste. Sa demande est contresign\u00e9e par sa professeure de Science Chr\u00e9tienne, Ella Peck Sweet, C.S.D., de Denver, dans le Colorado. Ella Sweet \u00e9tait \u00e9l\u00e8ve de Mary Baker Eddy et avait travaill\u00e9 quelque temps dans la maison de celle-ci \u00e0 Pleasant View, \u00e0 Concord, dans le New Hampshire.<\/p>\n

Devenue veuve, Lulu Knight travaille comme assureur. Elle est propri\u00e9taire de sa maison, qu\u2019elle partage pendant quelque temps avec son fr\u00e8re a\u00een\u00e9, William N. Johnson, ancien combattant de la Premi\u00e8re Guerre mondiale et avocat. En 1931, elle \u00e9pouse en secondes noces Arthur B. Knight, qui poss\u00e9dera plus tard son propre cabinet d\u2019assurance et de transactions immobili\u00e8res. Lulu Knight figure dans le Christian Science Journal<\/em> en tant que praticienne depuis l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. (Par la suite, elle modifiera son annonce pour remplacer son pr\u00e9nom Lula par Lulu.)<\/p>\n

Pendant 13 ans, Lulu Knight exerce sa pratique de la gu\u00e9rison chr\u00e9tienne depuis chez elle, dans un quartier sud de Chicago. En 1943, elle suit le Cours Normal du Conseil d\u2019Instruction de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne enseign\u00e9 par John M. Tutt, et re\u00e7oit le dipl\u00f4me de C.S.B., qui lui permet d\u2019enseigner un cours de Science Chr\u00e9tienne annuel. Elle ouvre alors un bureau dans le Kimball Building, situ\u00e9 dans le \u00ab\u00a0Loop\u00a0\u00bb, au centre-ville de Chicago. Lulu Knight est \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque membre de Huiti\u00e8me Eglise du Christ, Scientiste, Chicago.<\/p>\n

Pour son cinqui\u00e8me num\u00e9ro, en 1950, le magazine Ebony<\/em> pr\u00e9sente un portrait des Afro-Am\u00e9ricains au sein du mouvement de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne. Il y est dit que \u00ab\u00a0la foi a un professeur noir, Madame Lula B. [sic] Knight, \u00e9pouse d\u2019un agent immobilier de Chicago, qui enseigne les doctrines de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne depuis 1943\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n

Lulu Knight est t\u00e9moin des changements survenant dans la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine, comme au sein de l\u2019Eglise du Christ, Scientiste. Son inscription sur le registre des membres de L\u2019Eglise M\u00e8re en 1912 porte la mention \u00ab\u00a0(N\u00e8gre [sic])\u00a0\u00bb. La mention \u00ab\u00a0(de couleur)\u00a0\u00bb accompagne son annonce dans le Journal<\/em> jusqu\u2019en 1956, date \u00e0 laquelle ce qualificatif n\u2019est plus utilis\u00e9 pour d\u00e9signer les praticiens afro-am\u00e9ricains. Le magazine Ebony<\/em> relate une situation complexe au sein du mouvement de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne en 1950\u00a0:<\/p>\n

\n

L\u2019attitude de l\u2019Eglise sur la question raciale est en th\u00e9orie juste, mais ni son Conseil des directeurs (l\u2019organe dirigeant) ni son manuel ne d\u00e9finissent une politique globale \u00e0 ce sujet. L\u2019\u00e9galit\u00e9 est pour eux un id\u00e9al \u00e0 atteindre \u00ab\u00a0aussi vite qu\u2019il est humainement possible\u00a0\u00bb.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n

Dans le Sud, les \u00e9glises se conforment aux traditions et aux lois des Etats qui s\u2019opposent au m\u00e9lange des races, mais \u00e0 Washington, D.C., Noirs et Blancs fr\u00e9quentent les m\u00eames \u00e9glises. A Birmingham, en Alabama, les membres noirs et blancs de l\u2019\u00e9glise avaient l\u2019habitude de se retrouver ensemble, mais ils tiennent par la suite des r\u00e9unions s\u00e9par\u00e9es, \u00e0 cause des prises de position de plus en plus agressives des autorit\u00e9s municipales en faveur de la s\u00e9gr\u00e9gation raciale. Les deux groupes aimeraient pouvoir se retrouver, mais ils sont oblig\u00e9s d\u2019ob\u00e9ir aux \u00ab\u00a0lois Jim Crow\u00a0\u00bb. A Boston, le registre des membres de L\u2019Eglise M\u00e8re dans le monde entier ne porte aucune mention de leur origine raciale.<\/span>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

Lulu Knight est pr\u00e9sente sur le podium lors de l\u2019Assembl\u00e9e annuelle de L\u2019Eglise M\u00e8re en 1961, car sa participation a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9vue dans l\u2019ordre du jour. Devant les 7.<\/sup>000 personnes venues assister \u00e0 l\u2019assembl\u00e9e, elle lit des r\u00e9cits de gu\u00e9rison par la Science Chr\u00e9tienne provenant du monde entier. Parmi ces t\u00e9moignages de gu\u00e9rison, on rel\u00e8ve des cas de \u00ab t\u00e9tanos, de d\u00e9pression physique, de go\u00eetre exophtalmique, de cyanose ou d\u2019un b\u00e9b\u00e9 n\u00e9 avec la maladie bleue, d\u2019asthme, d\u2019une plaie \u00e0 la jambe, de douleurs abdominales, de douleurs dans le dos et dans les jambes, d\u2019une tumeur, de tuberculose et d\u2019alcoolisme \u00bb<\/span>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n

La contribution de Lulu M. Knight \u00e0 la gu\u00e9rison par la Science Chr\u00e9tienne a \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s importante \u00e0 Chicago et dans d\u2019autres parties des Etats-Unis, notamment parmi les Afro-Am\u00e9ricains vivant dans le Midwest, en Oklahoma et dans le Sud de la Californie, o\u00f9 habitaient un grand nombre de ses \u00e9l\u00e8ves. Dans une lettre de 1967 au Conseil des directeurs de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne, elle \u00e9crit\u00a0: \u00ab\u00a0Apr\u00e8s avoir consacr\u00e9 presque quarante ans \u00e0 la gu\u00e9rison par la Science Chr\u00e9tienne et \u00e0 son enseignement, je ne prends nullement \u00e0 la l\u00e9g\u00e8re mes obligations envers la cause de la Science Chr\u00e9tienne. J\u2019en comprends les exigences et je me suis efforc\u00e9e de m\u2019y conformer\u00a0\u00bb<\/span>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span>.<\/p>\n

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Apprenez-en davantage sur la premi\u00e8re professeure de Science Chr\u00e9tienne afro-am\u00e9ricaine.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":34170,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"2normal","_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[211],"tags":[115],"class_list":["post-34169","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-des-femmes-ayant-marque-lhistoire","tag-les-femmes-de-lhistoire"],"yoast_head":"\nDes femmes ayant marqu\u00e9 l\u2019Histoire : Lulu Knight - 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