{"id":27073,"date":"2020-02-12T13:42:28","date_gmt":"2020-02-12T18:42:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/?p=27073"},"modified":"2022-04-21T13:29:40","modified_gmt":"2022-04-21T17:29:40","slug":"mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/","title":{"rendered":"Mulheres que fizeram hist\u00f3ria: Catherine H. Anwandter"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"modal-ready\"><p>[et_pb_section bb_built=&#8221;1&#8243; fullwidth=&#8221;on&#8221; specialty=&#8221;off&#8221; next_background_color=&#8221;#000000&#8243; inner_width=&#8221;auto&#8221; inner_max_width=&#8221;none&#8221;][et_pb_fullwidth_post_title _builder_version=&#8221;3.29.3&#8243; featured_image=&#8221;off&#8221; author=&#8221;off&#8221; date_format=&#8221;j F Y&#8221; categories=&#8221;off&#8221; comments=&#8221;off&#8221; text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221; text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_shadow_vertical_length_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221; text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; text_shadow_blur_strength_tablet=&#8221;1px&#8221; title_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;title_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; title_text_shadow_horizontal_length_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221; 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link_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; link_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;link_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ul_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;ul_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; ol_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;ol_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; quote_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;quote_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_2_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_2_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_3_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_3_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_4_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_4_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_5_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_5_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_horizontal_length=&#8221;header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_vertical_length=&#8221;header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; header_6_text_shadow_blur_strength=&#8221;header_6_text_shadow_style,%91object Object%93&#8243; z_index_tablet=&#8221;500&#8243; box_shadow_horizontal_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221; box_shadow_vertical_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221; box_shadow_blur_tablet=&#8221;40px&#8221; box_shadow_spread_tablet=&#8221;0px&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p><strong><span lang=\"PT-BR\">Retrato de Catherine Anwandter, cerca de 1970,\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"PT-BR\">Arquivos da Igreja, Caixa 5304067, Pasta\u00a0<\/span><span lang=\"PT-BR\">335862<\/span><span lang=\"PT-BR\">.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Catherine Hobbins Anwandter (1909\u20131991) foi a primeira pessoa a\u00a0 ensinar a Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 em espanhol. Nascida no Chile, ela foi pioneira no desenvolvimento da religi\u00e3o na Am\u00e9rica do Sul.<\/p>\n<p>A Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 ganhou seguidores na Am\u00e9rica Latina na virada do s\u00e9culo XX. De acordo com o jornal <em>The South Pacific Mail<\/em> de Santiago, \u201cA Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 ficou conhecida no Chile por meio da cura da professora de uma escola norte-americana [local] em 1895. Essa cura despertou o interesse de outras pessoas no Chile, que escreveram para os Estados Unidos pedindo ajuda por meio da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3, e foram curadas\u201d.<span id='easy-footnote-1-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-1-27073' title='\u201cScience Church Dedicated\u201d [A Dedica\u00e7\u00e3o da Igreja da Ci\u00eancia], &lt;em&gt;The South Pacific Mail,&lt;\/em&gt; 13 de junho de 1952, 18.'><sup>1<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Embora a Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 tenha surgido muito antes na Am\u00e9rica Latina, seu livro-texto \u2014 <em>Ci\u00eancia e Sa\u00fade com a Chave das Escrituras<\/em> de autoria de Mary Baker Eddy \u2014 s\u00f3 foi traduzido para o espanhol e publicado nesse idioma em 1947, sendo que a tradu\u00e7\u00e3o para o portugu\u00eas foi publicada em 1963. Esse fato auxiliou no desenvolvimento do movimento da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 em toda a regi\u00e3o, incentivando a pr\u00e1tica da cura espiritual, a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o de igrejas e o estudo individual.<\/p>\n<p>O Curso Prim\u00e1rio da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 \u00e9 outro importante elemento da religi\u00e3o que Eddy estabeleceu nos Estados Unidos no s\u00e9culo XIX. Consiste em um curso de doze dias ministrado por um professor autorizado, voltado para a compreens\u00e3o mais profunda do relacionamento de Deus com o homem, e sua aplica\u00e7\u00e3o na pr\u00e1tica da cura pela Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3. Os livros-textos usados no curso s\u00e3o a B\u00edblia Sagrada e <em>Ci\u00eancia e Sa\u00fade.<\/em> Mas sem as tradu\u00e7\u00f5es deste, n\u00e3o era poss\u00edvel oferecer o Curso Prim\u00e1rio da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 em espanhol nem em portugu\u00eas. Durante d\u00e9cadas, apenas aqueles que falavam alem\u00e3o, franc\u00eas ou ingl\u00eas podiam fazer esse curso, e, para isso, tinham de viajar para os Estados Unidos ou para a Europa. Quando ela se tornou professora, Anwandter abriu a possibilidade para os alunos fazerem o curso em espanhol. Desde essa \u00e9poca, outros Cientistas Crist\u00e3os foram autorizados a ministrar o Curso Prim\u00e1rio em espanhol ou portugu\u00eas nos seguintes pa\u00edses: Angola, Argentina, Brasil, Chile, Espanha, Estados Unidos, M\u00e9xico e Uruguai.<\/p>\n<p>Anwandter era filha de Tomas Hobbins e de Juana Norton.<span id='easy-footnote-2-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-2-27073' title='Rep\u00fablica Dos Estados Unidos Do Brasil, Ficha Consular De Qualifica\u00e7\u00e3o, Passaporte n. 1864, 28\/V\/1951.'><sup>2<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Nascida em Antofagasta, cidade portu\u00e1ria chilena localizada na regi\u00e3o do Deserto de Atacama, ela foi educada em casa e em escolas chilenas em Valpara\u00edso e Santiago. De acordo com informa\u00e7\u00f5es constantes dos arquivos da igreja, ela \u201cse interessou pela Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 devido a uma cura extraordin\u00e1ria que teve quando jovem\u201d.<span id='easy-footnote-3-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-3-27073' title='\u201cNew members of the Christian Science Board of Lectureship\u201d [Novos Membros do Quadro de Conferencistas da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3],&lt;em&gt; Christian Science Sentinel,&lt;\/em&gt; 8 de julho de 1970, 1257.'><sup>3<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Ela tomou conhecimento da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 quando sua tia, que estava interessada na Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3, lhe falou a respeito das convic\u00e7\u00f5es espirituais que ela havia adquirido recentemente. Anwandter, que mais tarde relatou n\u00e3o conseguir andar devido a um problema de \u00e1gua no joelho, foi rapidamente curada pela Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3.<span id='easy-footnote-4-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-4-27073' title='Eva Leonora Norton, Catherine H. Anwandter e Marjory Hobbins de Balmaseda, \u201cAl impulso de mi gratitud por todo lo que la&amp;#8230;\u201d [Com gratid\u00e3o imensa por tudo o que a Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3\u2026]; &lt;em&gt;El Heraldo de la Ciencia Cristiana, &lt;\/em&gt;julho de 1955, &lt;a href=&quot;https:\/\/es.herald.christianscience.com\/shared\/view\/fdr58uwima?s=e&quot;&gt;https:\/\/es.herald.christianscience.com\/shared\/view\/fdr58uwima?s=e&lt;\/a&gt;; &lt;em&gt;The Christian Science Journal,&lt;\/em&gt; julho de 1952, 385\u2013387'><sup>4<\/sup><\/a><\/span><sup>, <\/sup><span id='easy-footnote-5-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-5-27073' title='Catherine H. Anwandter, \u201cHow to Find Lasting Satisfaction\u201d [Como Encontrar Satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o Duradoura], &lt;em&gt;The Christian Science Monitor,&lt;\/em&gt; 21 de setembro de 1971, 5.'><sup>5<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_28757\" style=\"width: 310px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28757\" class=\"wp-image-28757\" src=\"https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/08\/Catherine-Anwandter-passport-photo-cropped.png\" alt=\"Passport photo of Catalina Hobbins Norton\" width=\"300\" height=\"218\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-28757\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Foto do passaporte de Catalina Hobbins Norton, cerca de 1951, tirada do original no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil, Cart\u00f5es de Imigra\u00e7\u00e3o, 1900\u20131965 [banco de dados on-line], Ancestry.com.<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Esse evento reorientou sua vida e Anwandter se tornou membro dA Igreja M\u00e3e em 1932.<span id='easy-footnote-6-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-6-27073' title='Os Cientistas Crist\u00e3os do mundo inteiro geralmente s\u00e3o membros dA Igreja M\u00e3e e de uma filial da Igreja de Cristo, Cientista, de sua regi\u00e3o'><sup>6<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Sete anos depois, ela viajou para outro pa\u00eds para fazer o Curso Prim\u00e1rio da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3. A princ\u00edpio, conseguir os meios para participar desse curso parecia imposs\u00edvel, devido \u00e0 viagem e \u00e0s despesas. Contudo, posteriormente, Anwandter descreveu o curso como um passo fundamental em seu progresso. Ela tamb\u00e9m escreveu sobre os problemas financeiros enfrentados anteriormente por sua fam\u00edlia e atribuiu a resolu\u00e7\u00e3o desses problemas \u00e0 ora\u00e7\u00e3o que aprendera na Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3.<span id='easy-footnote-7-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-7-27073' title='Norton, Anwandter, de Balmaeeda, \u201cOut of great gratitude\u2026\u201d [Com gratid\u00e3o imensa\u2026], 385\u2013387.'><sup>7<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>A forma\u00e7\u00e3o e os pontos de vista de Anwandter eram cosmopolitas; ela falava quatro idiomas fluentemente e viajava muito para fora do Chile. Com s\u00f3lida forma\u00e7\u00e3o em artes visuais, ela come\u00e7ou lecionando ingl\u00eas e depois fundou sua pr\u00f3pria escola.<span id='easy-footnote-8-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-8-27073' title='\u201cNew members of the Christian Science Board of Lectureship,\u201d 1257.'><sup>8<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Seu interesse por crian\u00e7as e pela busca de desenvolvimento espiritual \u00e9 expresso neste trecho de um artigo de 1962 publicado no <em>The Christian Science Journal:<\/em><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>As crian\u00e7as s\u00e3o especialmente sens\u00edveis a uma atmosfera espiritual. Elas sentem a presen\u00e7a gentil e positiva da paz e da boa vontade, da felicidade e do apoio confiante em Deus por parte de seus pais ou respons\u00e1veis e, como plantas em seu ambiente adequado, elas crescem e, consequentemente, prosperam. \u00c0s vezes, a propens\u00e3o nervosa e desp\u00f3tica dos adultos cria uma atmosfera que \u00e9 oposta ao Esp\u00edrito e que pode ser a causa inexplic\u00e1vel do car\u00e1ter e do comportamento de muitas crian\u00e7as. Os pensamentos s\u00e3o sentidos com mais precis\u00e3o do que as palavras, e raramente a sensibilidade de uma crian\u00e7a \u00e9 iludida.<span id='easy-footnote-9-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-9-27073' title='Anwandter, \u201cThe Atmosphere of Spirit\u201d [A Atmosfera do Esp\u00edrito], &lt;em&gt;The Christian Science Journal,&lt;\/em&gt; janeiro de 1962, 23.'><sup>9<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Anwandter foi Leitora e ocupou outros cargos em sua igreja filial, a Primeira Igreja de Cristo, Cientista, Santiago, Chile. Ela come\u00e7ou a se anunciar como praticista no <em>Journal <\/em>em 1949 e, subsequentemente, nas edi\u00e7\u00f5es d<em>O Arauto da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3<\/em> em alem\u00e3o, espanhol, franc\u00eas e portugu\u00eas. A hist\u00f3ria da igreja de Santiago menciona que Anwandter \u201crealizou muitas curas maravilhosas\u201d.<span id='easy-footnote-10-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-10-27073' title='Isa. L. de Scholz, \u201cA Hist\u00f3ria da Primeira Igreja de Cristo, Cientista, Santiago, Chile, de 1928 a 1980\u201d, 28 de maio de 1980, Arquivos da Igreja, Caixa 530475, Pasta 220396.'><sup>10<\/sup><\/a><\/span> Durante vinte anos ela foi a \u00fanica praticista do Chile com an\u00fancio no <em>Journal<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Anwandter se tornou professora da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 depois de participar do Curso Normal dA Igreja M\u00e3e de 1961. Os alunos para quem ela ministrou o Curso Prim\u00e1rio em espanhol inclu\u00edam pessoas da primeira gera\u00e7\u00e3o a ler <em>Ci\u00eancia e Sa\u00fade<\/em> naquele idioma. A hist\u00f3ria da igreja de Santiago menciona que, em 1980, \u201c&#8230;os alunos vinham e continuam a vir de todas as partes do mundo para fazer o Curso Prim\u00e1rio e n\u00f3s, por outro lado, somos enriquecidos com a inspira\u00e7\u00e3o e o entusiasmo deles\u201d.<span id='easy-footnote-11-27073' class='easy-footnote-margin-adjust'><\/span><span class='easy-footnote'><a href='https:\/\/www.marybakereddylibrary.org\/pt-br\/research\/mulheres-que-fizeram-historia-catherine-anwandter\/#easy-footnote-bottom-11-27073' title='de Scholz, \u201cA Hist\u00f3ria da Primeira Igreja de Cristo, Cientista, Santiago, Chile.\u201d'><sup>11<\/sup><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Anwandter foi nomeada para o Quadro de Conferencistas da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 em 1970. Ela trouxe v\u00e1rias d\u00e9cadas de compromisso espiritual a essa atividade de falar em p\u00fablico, \u00e0 qual se dedicou nos oito anos seguintes, viajando para pa\u00edses de fora da Am\u00e9rica Latina, bem como para pa\u00edses latino-americanos. Ela realizava confer\u00eancias em alem\u00e3o, espanhol, ingl\u00eas e portugu\u00eas. Como todos os conferencistas da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3, ela escrevia suas pr\u00f3prias confer\u00eancias com base nos ensinamentos da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\">A carreira de Catherine Anwandter na promo\u00e7\u00e3o do desenvolvimento da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 na Am\u00e9rica Latina foi not\u00e1vel. Talvez possa ser resumida com esta frase de \u201cComo Encontrar Satisfa\u00e7\u00e3o Permanente\u201d, a primeira confer\u00eancia que ela apresentou: \u201cNa medida em que voc\u00ea e eu encontramos nossa individualidade criada por Deus, o plano divino entra em nossa experi\u00eancia di\u00e1ria \u2014 e d\u00e1 prop\u00f3sito e significado \u00e0 nossa vida\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=&#8221;1_3&#8243; custom_padding__hover=&#8221;|||&#8221; custom_padding=&#8221;|||&#8221;][et_pb_sidebar _builder_version=&#8221;3.7.1&#8243; area=&#8221;et_pb_widget_area_3&#8243; orientation=&#8221;right&#8221; \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Conhe\u00e7a a primeira professora da Ci\u00eancia Crist\u00e3 na Am\u00e9rica Latina.<\/p>","protected":false},"author":44,"featured_media":27310,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","_oasis_is_in_workflow":0,"_oasis_original":0,"_oasis_task_priority":"2normal","_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","inline_featured_image":false,"episode_type":"","audio_file":"","podmotor_file_id":"","podmotor_episode_id":"","cover_image":"","cover_image_id":"","duration":"","filesize":"","filesize_raw":"","date_recorded":"","explicit":"","block":"","itunes_episode_number":"","itunes_title":"","itunes_season_number":"","itunes_episode_type":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[196],"tags":[191],"class_list":["post-27073","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mulheres-que-fizeram-historia","tag-uma-mulher-que-fez-historia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mulheres que fizeram hist\u00f3ria: Catherine H. 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